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      <a id="resony"></a>
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        <h2>
          <span class="refentrytitle">resony</span>
        </h2>
        <p>resony — 
      A bank of second-order bandpass filters, connected in parallel.
          </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp142596608"></a>
        <h2>Description</h2>
        <p>
      A bank of second-order bandpass filters, connected in parallel.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp142597952"></a>
        <h2>Syntax</h2>
        <pre class="synopsis">ares <span class="command"><strong>resony</strong></span> asig, kbf, kbw, inum, ksep [, isepmode] [, iscl] [, iskip]</pre>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp142600160"></a>
        <h2>Initialization</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>inum</em></span> -- number of filters
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>isepmode</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- if <span class="emphasis"><em>isepmode</em></span> = 0, the separation of center frequencies of each filter is generated logarithmically (using octave as unit of measure). If <span class="emphasis"><em>isepmode</em></span> not equal to 0, the separation of center frequencies of each filter is generated linearly (using Hertz). Default value is 0.
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>iscl</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- coded scaling factor for resonators. A value of 1 signifies a peak response factor of 1, i.e. all frequencies other than <span class="emphasis"><em>kcf</em></span> are attenuated in accordance with the (normalized) response curve. A value of 2 raises the response factor so that its overall RMS value equals 1. (This intended equalization of input and output power assumes all frequencies are physically present; hence it is most applicable to white noise.) A zero value signifies no scaling of the signal, leaving that to some later adjustment (e.g. <a class="link" href="balance.html" title="balance"><em class="citetitle">balance</em></a>). The default value is 0.
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>iskip</em></span> (optional, default=0) -- initial disposition of internal data space. Since filtering incorporates a feedback loop of previous output, the initial status of the storage space used is significant. A zero value will clear the space; a non-zero value will allow previous information to remain. The default value is 0.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp142608256"></a>
        <h2>Performance</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>asig</em></span> -- audio input signal
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>kbf</em></span> -- base frequency, i.e. center frequency of lowest filter in Hz
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>kbw</em></span> -- bandwidth in Hz
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>ksep</em></span> -- separation of the center frequency of filters in octaves
    </p>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>resony</em></span> is a bank of second-order bandpass filters, with k-rate variant frequency separation, base frequency and bandwidth, connected in parallel (i.e. the resulting signal is a mix of the output of each filter). The center frequency of each filter depends of <span class="emphasis"><em>kbf</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>ksep</em></span> variables. The maximum number of filters is set to 100.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp142614880"></a>
        <h2>Examples</h2>
        <p>
      Here is an example of the resony opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/resony.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">resony.csd</em></a>.
      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp142616736"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 757. Example of the resony opcode.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
-odac   <span class="comment">;;;realtime audio out</span>
<span class="comment">;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too</span>
<span class="comment">; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:</span>
<span class="comment">; -o resonx.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>

<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 32
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2
<span class="ohdr">0dbfs</span>  <span class="op">=</span> 1

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1	<span class="comment">; unfiltered noise</span>

kenv	<span class="opc">linseg</span>	0, p3<span class="op">*</span>.5, 1, p3<span class="op">*</span>.5, 0	<span class="comment">;envelope</span>
asig	<span class="opc">rand</span>	0.7			<span class="comment">;white noise</span>
	<span class="opc">outs</span>	asig<span class="op">*</span>kenv, asig<span class="op">*</span>kenv

<span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 2	<span class="comment">; filtered noise</span>

ksep	<span class="op">=</span> p4				<span class="comment">;vary seperation of center frequency of filters in octaves</span>
kenv	<span class="opc">linseg</span>	0, p3<span class="op">*</span>.5, 1, p3<span class="op">*</span>.5, 0	<span class="comment">;envelope</span>
asig	<span class="opc">rand</span>	0.7
kbf	<span class="opc">line</span>	300, p3, 2000		<span class="comment">;vary base frequency</span>
afilt	<span class="opc">resony</span>	asig, kbf, 300, 4, ksep
asig	<span class="opc">balance</span> afilt, asig
	<span class="opc">outs</span>	asig<span class="op">*</span>kenv, asig<span class="op">*</span>kenv

<span class="oblock">endin</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>

<span class="stamnt">i</span> 1 0 2
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 3 2 1
<span class="stamnt">i</span> 2 6 2 3

<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
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        <p><br class="example-break" />
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp142621024"></a>
        <h2>Credits</h2>
        <p>
      </p>
        <table border="0" summary="Simple list" class="simplelist">
          <tr>
            <td>Author: Gabriel Maldonado</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>Italy</td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>1999</td>
          </tr>
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        <p>
    </p>
        <p>New in Csound version 3.56</p>
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